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In the presence of detrimental conditions such as
2023-11-08
In the presence of detrimental conditions, such as inflammation, hypoxia, ischemia trauma or neoplastic milieu, the extracellular levels of adenosine increase massively, reaching micromolar range [51,52]. In these pathological contexts, adenosine accumulation stems from increased extracellular depho
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Using our infection assays we also
2023-11-08
Using our infection assays, we also explored whether low-pH compartments were required for the entry of ZIKVs in mammalian cells. Lysosomotropic agents such as ammonium chloride, chloroquine and Bafilomycin A1, strongly inhibited the ability of ZIKVs to enter mammalian cells. Our results are in agre
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br Concluding remarks Autophagy ensures cell homeostasis and
2023-11-08
Concluding remarks Autophagy ensures cell homeostasis and survival through the continuous degradation/recycling of intracellular components. It can also represent a conserved, cell-intrinsic, defense mechanism against invading pathogens, including viruses. The autophagy process can be activated r
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In PMCA Mg favors the conversion E
2023-11-08
In PMCA, Mg2+ favors the conversion E1P → E2P [13] and, as in SERCA [11], it accelerates the phosphorylation displacing the E1–E2 equilibrium towards E1. In SERCA, Sørensen et al. [41], proposed that ATP reacts by an associative mechanism mediated by two Mg2+ ions to form an aspartyl-phosphorylated
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In our studies of leucine
2023-11-08
In our studies of leucine and BCH in pancreatic islets and clonal insulin cell lines, we noticed that leucine was a slightly stronger stimulant of insulin release. Previous studies showed that leucine can be metabolized to CO2[11], [12], [13], [14] and can increase acetoacetate in pancreatic islets
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br Results br Discussion br Conclusion The flux
2023-11-08
Results Discussion Conclusion The flux of glucose into cytosolic short chain acyl-CoAs was maintained in pure beta Torin1 in the presence of inhibition of ATP citrate lyase with hydroxycitrate and also in a cell line with >90% ATP citrate lyase knockdown suggesting that a pathway other than
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Another interesting aspect of neutralizing AP is the
2023-11-07
Another interesting aspect of neutralizing AP-1 is the inhibition of interactions between AP-1 and Smad proteins, which synergize to activate the TGF-β1-responsive genes involved in hypertrophic growth of the heart muscle and in the development of cardiac fibrosis. Through preventing AP-1 activation
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br Materials and methods br
2023-11-07
Materials and methods Results In order to evaluate changes in the amount of PKC-θ expressed by MEL cells at different stages of the cell cycle, we measured the level of the kinase in cells collected from cultures containing 90% of cells in the interphase or 80% cells synchronized at the metaph
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br Materials and methods br
2023-11-07
Materials and methods Results and discussion Conclusion Introduction Free radicals produced by normal oxidative metabolism in the human body can cause chain oxidation of food, accelerate food deterioration and cause serious problems of food safety (Choe & Min, 2006). Excess free radicals
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br Acknowledgement br Introduction Estrogens
2023-11-07
Acknowledgement Introduction Estrogens play an important role in the development and progression of breast cancer (McGuire et al., 1976; Clemons and Goss, 2001). 17β-Estradiol (E2), the most biologically active estrogen in breast tissue, functions via its nuclear receptors, estrogen receptor (
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Aggregated A species have been studied by
2023-11-07
Aggregated Aβ species have been studied by an array of biophysical techniques, including atomic force microscopy (AFM) [55], transmission electron microscopy (TEM) [56], [57], X-ray diffraction [58], Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) [59], [60], circular dichroism (CD) [61], and nuclear magnetic res
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br Results br Discussion Members of the PfkB family
2023-11-07
Results Discussion Members of the PfkB family of proteins, which exhibit AK activity, have only been found in the eukaryotic organisms in the past. Hence, the report of a PfkB family protein in MTub that exhibited AK activity was of much interest, and it necessitated closer examination of its
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br ACh and ER tests hereafter
2023-11-07
ACh and ER tests hereafter Spasm provocation tests have self-limitations to document coronary artery spasm during daily life. In the past reports, ST elevation was reproducible in some patients with variant Spautin-1 mg by the administration of ACh or ER. However, we now employ the ER and ACh sp
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Renal Cell Carcinoma RCC is a lethal
2023-11-07
Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) is a lethal cancer with bad prognosis due to development of chemoresistance and recurrence of an aggressive tumor with increased tumor-angiogenesis and metastasis [7]. We have found Axl and Gas6 to be differentially presented in RCC subtypes, and Axl to correlate to tumor
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Polyphenols like flavonoids have the potential
2023-11-07
Polyphenols like flavonoids have the potential to penetrate into lipid bilayers which is vital for enabling protection against oxidation. Rosmarinic Sulindac sulfide sale is a natural polyphenol antioxidant isolated from Sphaeranthus amaranthoides. Polyphenols can inhibit the propagation of lipid o
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