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Cy5.5 maleimide (non-sulfonated) br Conclusion and future pe
2019-10-01
Conclusion and future perspectives LDL cholesterol-lowering therapy is essential for cardiovascular risk reduction. On the background of a high inter-personal variation of cholesterol synthesis and cholesterol Cy5.5 maleimide (non-sulfonated) the efficacy of cholesterol lowering, both, with stati
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br Results and discussion br Conclusions In conclusion
2019-10-01
Results and discussion Conclusions In conclusion, we have developed rational strategies that allowed us to successfully identify a series of novel analogs structurally related to to modulate the activity of estrogen-related receptors (ERRγ and ERRβ), which are constitutively active. All of th
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Although several genomic technologies including the generati
2019-10-01
Although several genomic technologies, including the generation of ERRγ-specific knockout mice, have revealed that ERRγ plays a pivotal role in cellular bioenergetics [1], its involvement in other metabolic pathways has been appreciated only recently. Therefore, we highlight recent findings on the r
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br Signaling of DDR receptor and its regulation
2019-10-01
Signaling of DDR2 receptor and its regulation Being the tyrosine kinase receptor, downstream signaling of DDR2 receptor is initiated by phosphorylation of cytoplasmic tyrosine residue upon ligand binding (Type II collagen) but the authentic facts or detail information of tyrosine phosphorylation
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The small intestine in addition
2019-10-01
The small intestine, in addition to its primary role of absorption, has the ability to metabolize drugs and other xenobiotics through phase 1 and phase 11 metabolisms [25] since almost all the cytochrome P450 ana 2 and present in the liver are also present in the small intestine although, in lower
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Lymphocyte mobility and homing is modulated by the
2019-10-01
Lymphocyte mobility and homing is modulated by the chemoattractant receptor subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) (Campbell et al., 2003, Rot and von Andrian, 2004). B cell migration and position are controlled to a large extent by the lymphoid chemokines CXCL13, CXCL12, CCL19, and CCL21
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Notochord is a transient structure differentiating at early
2019-09-30
Notochord is a transient structure differentiating at early stage during embryogenesis that is at the origin of vertebral bodies in all vertebrates. In zebrafish, it is composed of vacuolated AT7867 surrounded by a unique ECM structure improperly called notochordal BM. As in chicken and amphibians,
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Role of ROS signaling in regulating
2019-09-30
Role of ROS signaling in regulating cell death pathways has been well established. Involvement of CLIC1 in ROS production has been studied earlier. It was observed that macrophages from clic1 mice showed ~30% decrease in cellular ROS generation which effects macrophage function (Jiang et al., 2012).
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Our results demonstrated that ET a
2019-09-30
Our results demonstrated that ET-1, a Wnt ligand, stimulated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. First, ET-1/ETRA binds to Frizzled family cell-surface receptors, resulting in the activation of Dvl1, a Dishevelled (DSH) family protein. Next, activated DSH inhibits the Axin, GSK-3β, and APC protein
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br Results br Discussion br Materials and
2019-09-30
Results Discussion Materials and Methods Acknowledgment This work was funded by the Collaborative Research Centre (SFB) 807 of the German Research Foundation (DFG) and supported by the state of Hessen (Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance) and the German Research Foundation (DO545/
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In mammals neutrophil elastase is a trypsin
2019-09-30
In mammals, neutrophil elastase is a trypsin-like serine protease stored in the azurophilic granules of naïve neutrophils [15], [16]. The catalytic activity of neutrophil elastase relies on a His57–Asp102–Ser195 triad (chymotrypsin numbering system) that functions by transfer of electrons from the c
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NHS-12-Biotin Our results from neutropenic mice infected
2019-09-30
Our results from neutropenic mice infected with both fungal strains revealed that the inflammatory process was more severe 72hours post-infection (Fig. 4). Angioinvasion was mainly observed 48hours after infection for both strains. Transformation of A. fumigatus conidia into hyphae in immunocompeten
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br Materials and methods br Results and
2019-09-30
Materials and methods Results and discussion Conclusions Data about the ability of non-conventional ligands to operate class-A GPCRs have been accumulating. Specifically, increasing evidence indicates that oxysterols, oxidized derivatives of cholesterol, are involved in many activities tha
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br Introduction br Structure of the Ku
2019-09-30
Introduction Structure of the Ku heterodimer associated to DNA The atomic structure of the Ku heterodimer, alone and bound to a small DNA fragment, was recently determined (Walker et al., 2001) and has significantly improved our understanding of DNA recognition by DNA-PK holoenzyme (Fig. 3). B
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The inhibition of DNMT using AZA dC or
2019-09-30
The inhibition of DNMT1 using 5-AZA-dC or DNMT1 siRNA increased TIMP2 protein and mRNA expression, suggesting that TIMP2 expression is down-regulated by DNA methylation in the HDFs. In addition, 5-AZA-dC treatment led to a dose-dependent decrease of DNMT1 protein expression. 5-AZA-dC is a cytosine a
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