• Metformin s pluripotent roles are alluded to in terms

  2023-08-18

  

  Metformin's pluripotent roles are alluded to in terms of its antitumorigenic, glucose-lowering, and cardioprotective effects, which are due in part to its upregulation of AMPK activity [39,40]. Metformin's glucose-lowering effect is a result of reduced hepatic gluconeogenesis, whereas improved insul

• Curcumin is the principal natural

  2023-08-18

  

  Curcumin is the principal natural polyphenol curcuminoid of turmeric (Curcuma longa) rhizome, a member of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae) [13]. Curcumin has a wide spectrum of therapeutic properties, and it has been shown to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiangiogenesis, che

• br Acknowledgments We thank the anonymous reviewers for

  2023-08-18

  

  Acknowledgments We thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments on the manuscript, and also thank Dr. Hans-U. Dahms for his comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by a grant from the National Research Foundation (2009-0071218) funded to Young-Mi Lee. This work was al

• br In patients with spina bifida

  2023-08-18

  

  In patients with spina bifida and spinal cord injury, fecal incontinence is a serious issue that can impair activities of daily living and patient self-esteem. To address this Malone et al. first described the Antegrade Continence Enema (ACE) procedure in 1990 [1], which achieves continence by all

• Although several different membrane estrogen receptors have

  2023-08-18

  

  Although several different membrane estrogen receptors have been reported (Qiu et al., 2008; Revankar et al., 2005), a large percentage of membrane-initiated steroid hormone signaling appears to be performed by a subpopulation of the same receptors that act in the nucleus. Specifically, estrogen rec

• A next series of experiments explored whether cardiac Ampk e

  2023-08-18

  

  A next series of experiments explored whether cardiac Ampkα1 U 46619 is modified in response to pressure overload imposed by TAC. As a result, 2weeks of TAC treatment significantly increased Ampkα1 protein abundance in cardiac tissue from Ampkα1+/+ mice as compared to sham treated mice (Fig. 6A). I

• Studies have demonstrated that AT plays a greater

  2023-08-18

  

  Studies have demonstrated that AT2 plays a greater role in modulating arterial pressure in females than in males. Chronic low-dose infusion of Ang II decreased blood pressure in female rats at a dose that had negligible effects in males. Furthermore, AT2 blockade eliminates the depressor response to

• In addition a substantial knowledge has been

  2023-08-18

  

  In addition, a substantial knowledge has been gained about the main properties of AT1R, such as ligand preference, signaling, regulation, and trafficking. However, it is less known how AT1R and other plasma membrane receptors affect each other’s function, and how these crosstalk mechanisms can be ut

• brucine Gliomas and Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Aldehyde dehydrog

  2023-08-17

  

  Gliomas and Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) are key metabolic enzymes involved in regulation of glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathways as well as in the detoxification of endogenous and exogenous aldehydes, regulating cell function and homeostasis. ALDHs play important roles in

• A previous study reported that

  2023-08-17

  

  A previous study reported that the serotonergic mechanism was involved in the psychological stress-induced alteration in synaptic plasticity in the rat hippocampal CA1 field (Matsumoto et al., 2004). Sumitaka Inoue et al. (Inoue et al., 2014) reported that pretreatment with a 5-HT1A receptor partial

• A more versatile cellular delivery system for adenosine was

  2023-08-17

  

  A more versatile cellular delivery system for adenosine was generated by engineering mouse embryonic stem cells to lack both 8-Bromo-cAMP, sodium salt of Adk (Fedele et al., 2004). Using a step-wise differentiation protocol (Okabe et al., 1996) Adk−/− ES cells were differentiated into transplantabl

• br Conclusion br Conflicts of interest br Compliance

  2023-08-17

  

  Conclusion Conflicts of interest Compliance with ethical standards Introduction Tuberculosis is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, amongst infectious diseases. India is a high burden country for Tuberculosis. Caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, it risedronic acid ca

• For comprehensive understanding of actin myosin XI as a

  2023-08-17

  

  For comprehensive understanding of actin-myosin XI as a control network, it will be necessary to determine the functions of all the myosin XI and doxercalciferol receptor isoforms. However, it is difficult to reveal the function of individual myosin XI isoforms because most myosin XI single knockou

• 5-EdU Application of the broad acting HTR

  2023-08-17

  

  Application of the broad-acting 5-HTR antagonist methiothepin (Bard et al., 1996, Hoyer et al., 1994, Peroutka, 1990) converted the TBS-induced response of both thalamocortical and intracortical A1 synapses from LTP to LTD, an effect that was mimicked by the selective 5-HT2R antagonist ketanserin (

• The reductase family is composed of

  2023-08-17

  

  The 5α-reductase family is composed of three known isozymes, with the types I and II being the most known. Type I isozyme, which is the dominant form, can be found in the skin, liver, kidney, brain and lung. Furthermore, it has been evidenced that type I activity is several times higher in PC than i

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