• Another important finding of our study is

  2024-07-31

  

  Another important finding of our study is the observation that high glucose per se does not affect TER in mature HREC monolayers; but at the same time it does upregulate ICAM-1 directly and activates HRECs to leukocyte adhesion. This would imply that high glucose affects TER in mature HREC monolayer

• For hippocampal asymmetry two SNPs rs and rs showed

  2024-07-31

  

  For hippocampal asymmetry, two SNPs (rs1476679 and rs4147929) showed significant interaction with diagnosis. They have an inverse effect on asymmetry, which is consistent with their different roles as preventative or risk loci in AD. rs1476679 is intronic in the ZCWPW1 gene, is a histone modificatio

• While HTPCs are not immune cells they produce IL

  2024-07-30

  

  While HTPCs are not immune cells, they produce IL-6, MCP-1 and other immunologically relevant factors (Mayer et al., 2016). Our results demonstrated that epinephrine and phenylephrine increased the mRNA expression levels of COX-2, IL-6 and MCP-1 in HTPCs without affecting the mRNA expression level o

• ritanserin Preclinical models indicate roles for

  2024-07-30

  

  Preclinical models indicate roles for adiponectin in the maintenance of hepatic lipid metabolism. Adiponectin overexpression prevents accumulation of triglycerides or the deleterious lipid metabolites diacylglycerols or ceramides [5,8]. Direct manipulation of adiponectin expression demonstrates a po

• In fact serotonin is a major modulator

  2024-07-30

  

  In fact, serotonin is a major modulator of dopaminergic (DA) neuronal activity through the 5-HT2C receptor. Studies have shown that the selective 5-HT2C receptor agonist Ro60-0175 blocks the burst-firing of mesolimbic DA neurons, which project from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the nucleus acc

• Regarding A Rs and A

  2024-07-30

  

  Regarding A1Rs and A2ARs, basal conditions generate a low tone of endogenous adenosine and cause A1R activation, in contrast to situations of increased adenosine where A2AR activation becomes dominant. When adenosine concentrations rise, e.g. during hypoxia, also time appears likely important in reg

• Adenosine is a ubiquitous homeostatic substance released fro

  2024-07-30

  

  Adenosine is a ubiquitous homeostatic substance released from most cells, including neurons and glias. Endogenous adenosine acts at four principal G-protein-associated receptor subtypes: A1, A2a, A2b and A3 (Ralevic and Burnstock, 1998). The stimulation of adenosine receptors by extracellular adenos

• caspase 3 In an AP scenario several inflammatory mediators a

  2024-07-30

  

  In an AP scenario, several inflammatory mediators are produced locally to orchestrate an immune response. Eicosanoids are among those molecules and represent a class of lipid mediators synthesized from arachidonic caspase 3 through the action of cyclooxygenases or lipoxygenases to generate prostagla

• Songbirds are outstanding models in the study

  2024-07-30

  

  Songbirds are outstanding models in the study of vocal communication (Maney and Pinaud, 2011). Following the pioneering studies of William H. Thorpe and Peter Marler on the development of song in chaffinches (Fringilla coelebs) and white-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophrys) (Marler, 2004; Thorp

• APJ receptors have a amino acid

  2024-07-30

  

  APJ receptors have a 380 amino 87 7 synthesis sequence with a characteristic G-protein structure, including seven transmembrane domains and post-translation modification sites for phosphorylation, palmitoylation and glycosylation along with association sites for β-arrestin (O'Dowd et al., 1993). AP

• Finally intracrine androgen synthesis metabolism can be acti

  2024-07-29

  

  Finally, intracrine androgen synthesis/metabolism can be activated thus allowing melanin to bypass the low levels of androgens in the circulation by producing androgens themselves (Cai and Balk, 2011, Rahman et al., 2004). Moreover, changes in AR co-regulators like the overexpression of steroid rec

• Fosmidomycin sodium salt br Steroidogenesis in the skin The

  2024-07-29

  

  Steroidogenesis in the skin The synthesis of steroid hormones takes place in many tissues of which the adrenal glands, ovaries, testis, placenta and Fosmidomycin sodium salt are considered to be classical steroidogenic organs. Nevertheless, skin constitutes an important peripheral steroidogenic

• The molecular mechanisms that mediate the plasticity of the

  2024-07-29

  

  The molecular mechanisms that mediate the plasticity of the NMJ are not well understood. PGC-1α is a master regulator of the NMJ gene expression program 23, 24, and thus AMPK might indirectly regulate the NMJ via its broad influence on the coactivator. Cerveró et al.[6] recently provided more direct

• br Acknowledgements This work was supported by Programme Gra

  2024-07-29

  

  Acknowledgements This work was supported by Programme Grants from the MRC and the Wellcome Trust (SGC-C and MF). CB was in receipt of a Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship during part of this work. We thank past and present members of our group for numerous valuable discussions throughout these

• A previous study reported that

  2024-07-29

  

  A previous study reported that the serotonergic mechanism was involved in the psychological stress-induced alteration in synaptic plasticity in the rat hippocampal CA1 field (Matsumoto et al., 2004). Sumitaka Inoue et al. (Inoue et al., 2014) reported that pretreatment with a 5-HT1A receptor partial

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