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COPD is almost unheard of in individuals less than
2023-08-25
COPD is almost unheard of in individuals less than 40 years of age (even among heavy smokers), 1 in 10 lifetime never-smokers and 1 in 3 develop COPD by age 75 [26], unquestionably, COPD is an age-related disorder. This notion of accelerated ageing of COPD is supported by animal models, which demons
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Introduction Epinephrine is an endocrine hormone mainly
2023-08-24
Introduction Epinephrine is an endocrine hormone mainly produced by adrenal medulla in response to stress (Tank and Lee Wong, 2015). This catecholamine exerts various major physiological effects, concerning notably the cardiovascular system, the respiratory system and the endocrine system, through
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The most potent compounds within the current series
2023-08-24
The most potent compounds within the current series of compounds were therefore , , , , and , with Progesterone possessing the best selectivity towards the lyase reaction in comparison to the hydroxylase reaction, indeed, this compound was found to possess an IC value of 1210nM against the 17α-OHase
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br Innate immune mechanisms that confront viral infection br
2023-08-24
Innate immune mechanisms that confront viral infection Autophagy induction by virus sensing Antiviral xenophagy and virophagy The presence of viral particles within autophagosomal structures has been visualized in only rare instances. This is the case for HSV-1 when it is devoided of ICP34.
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Matthew et al synthesized and carried
2023-08-24
Matthew et al. synthesized and carried out SAR studies of imidazo-[1,2-a]-pyrazine as Aurora kinase inhibitors with enhanced kinase selectivity and found that GSK256066 synthesis 39 showed optimal potency on Aurora-A and Aurora-B with IC50 value of 4 nM and 13 nM while on phosphorylation histone H3
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IGF is an anabolic growth factor that
2023-08-24
IGF1 is an anabolic growth factor that induces hypertrophy and blocks atrophy in skeletal muscle by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway (Egerman and Glass, 2014). In addition to its anabolic and anti-catabolic effects, IGF1 stimulates fatty Ferrostatin-1 sale (FA) uptake and glucose metabolism (Cle
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Here the so called alkali assay is proposed
2023-08-24
Here the so-called alkali assay [18] is proposed as a method to be applied directly on the purified recombinant enzyme sharing the same structural and functional features of the wild-type enzyme [19], [20], [21] using its physiological substrate androstenedione. The assay that was already successful
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Thus a majority of known chemical
2023-08-24
Thus, a majority of known chemical and physico-chemical methods of metallic ions assay has a number of disadvantages, such as a low sensitivity and selectivity, high costs and complexity of the equipment. Therefore, the development of simple cost-effective sensitive methods of quantitative analysis
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Autophagy is a self protecting cellular catabolic
2023-08-24
Autophagy is a self-protecting cellular catabolic pathway that degrades and recycles cytoplasmic contents for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis (Shao et al., 2016b). Macrophage autophagy plays an essential role in atherosclerosis by safeguarding Sunitinib australia against oxidative stress, re
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The activity of MMPs is regulated at the
2023-08-24
The activity of MMPs is regulated at the level of gene transcription or by the enzymatic activation of latent enzymes. Inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-6 are elevated in synovial fluid, synovium and cartilage in patients with OA, and these cyto
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Although the interactions of PhLP
2023-08-24
Although the interactions of PhLP with Gβγ and its other partners have been convincingly documented through in vitro studies, it is not clear how PhLP controls MK1775 signaling in vivo. C. elegans provides a powerful genetic model to analyze Phosducin function and study its interacting partners in s
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There are increasing repeated reports of amphotericin B resi
2023-08-24
There are increasing repeated reports of amphotericin B-resistance in pathogenic fungi including Candida spp. [35], [36]. Nolte et al. characterized some fluconazole and amphotericin B-resistant Candida albicans isolates from leukemia patients [37]. Fan-Havard et al. (1991) have shown multi-antifung
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Previous research showed that combination of chitosan and
2023-08-24
Previous research showed that combination of chitosan and Cidofovir nanocrystals (CNCs) can produce coating films with superior properties (Naseri, Mathew, Girandon, Fröhlich, & Oksman, 2015). CNCs are crystalline nanometer sized rod-like particles. It has been demonstrated that antimicrobial activ
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br Materials and methods br Results and
2023-08-24
Materials and methods Results and discussion Conclusions Acknowledgements Introduction Infections in children aged 0–21 years who reside in long-term care (LTC) facilities are common due to underlying complex medical conditions, use of invasive devices such as urinary catheters and ve
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The specific mechanism and neurotoxic A species
2023-08-24
The specific mechanism and neurotoxic Aβ nordihydroguaiaretic acid are yet to be elucidated, however recent studies have provided significant evidence for the amyloid channel hypothesis. These reports have established that relatively small oligomers ( Conflict of interest Acknowledgements This
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